Why do you agitate when developing film?
The purpose of agitation is to ensure that the film is always in contact with fresh developer. Do not shake the tank like a bottle of ketchup: this will make bubbles which cling to the film and prevent those areas from developing — this will make your film blotchy along the top edge.
What does dolly in mean in film?
dolly shot
A dolly shot refers to the camera movement when a camera is mounted on a dolly. In a dolly shot, the camera moves towards, away from, or alongside your subject, which can be an actor, location setting, product, etc.
How does agitation affect film development?
Agitation puts fresh developer to the surface of the film. Increased agitation increases contrast which is compensated for by reducing developing time up to 10%. Rotation at the end of an inversion cycle smooths grain appearance but rotation in one direction only causes streaking.
How do you agitate Rodinal?
30 minutes, agitate continuously by rolling my daylight tank on the floor for the first 90 seconds, then two gentle inversions every 5 minutes. Dilution: 1:200 using 500ml per film. Temp: Starts out at 70*F, then it depends on the room temperature what it ends up being. Rinse and fix.
How do you increase contrast in film development?
If you want more contrast, I recommend increasing developing time by 25% (multiply normal developing time by 1.25) for Kodak Tmax 100 and Tmax 400, and Ilford Delta 100 and Delta 400 films. For other films, increase developing time by 50% (multiply normal developing time by 1.5).
What is a developing tank used for?
A developing tank is a light-tight container used for developing film. A developing tank allows photographic film to be developed in a daylight environment. This is necessary because most film is panchromatic and therefore can not be exposed to any light during processing.
Why is a camera dolly called a dolly?
Thus a wooden device used in the 18th century to agitate clothes in a washtub was called a “dolly” because the user gripped it by two “arms” and twisted it, making the gizmo’s two “legs” churn the water in the tub.
What is bromide drag?
Bromide drag lines are a byproduct of development with no agitation. High concentrations of bromide is produced around the perforations and overexposed areas. Without agitation it slowly slides down the surface of the film, inhibiting development and creating drag lines.
How long does it take to develop black and white film?
This process is a lot of work, but once you get the hang of it, it goes quickly. With a couple double tanks, I can process two rolls of film in less than half an hour, from turning off the lights to hanging up the negatives to dry.
How is a dolly shot in a film?
Now, most every film made uses a dolly at some point during its production. Usually, a dolly shot is executed by mounting a camera on a tripod, and mounting that tripod to a track. The camera glides in, away, back or forth.
How does a 360 dolly shot work with a camera?
A 360 dolly shot essentially orbits around your subject. This creates a dramatic parallax between the subject and the background. In order to achieve a 360 dolly shot with a camera dolly, the crew will need to use a circular rail track, then position their subject in the center of it.
What kind of Dolly is used for camera stabilization?
A common remote dolly system with camera stabilization is a Blackcam dolly with Newton stabilized camera head. Dolly tracks used for heavy cameras have traditionally been constructed of steel or aluminium. Steel, although heavier than aluminum, is less expensive and withstands heavier use.
What’s the best way to agitation a film?
Stick to the following agitation technique with your film. Agitate constantly for the first 30 seconds of development, thoroughly soaking the emulsion. Do not shake the tank but instead gently but firmly invert it and back and forth every 5 seconds.