What is plant ideotype concept?
Crop ideotype refers to model plant or ideal plant type for a specific environment. Ideal plants are expected to give higher yield than old cultivars. Ideotype is a moving goal which changes according to climatic situations, type of cultivation, market requirement etc.
Who introduced the term ideotype?
Donald
The concept of ideotype in plant breeding was introduced by Donald in 1968 to describe the idealized appearance of a plant variety. It literally means ‘a form denoting an idea’.
Is ideotype includes traits like seed Colour seed size cooking and baking quality etc?
It includes traits like seed color, seed size, cooking and baking quality etc. important in climatic adaptation such as heat and cold resistance, maturity duration, drought resistance etc.
What are the techniques used in crop improvement?
Methods used for crop improvement:
- Plant Introduction.
- Selection.
- Hybridization.
- Mutation Breeding.
- Polyploidy.
What is meant by ideotype?
: a specimen collected from other than the type locality but identified as belonging to a particular taxon by the author of that taxon.
What is competition ideotype?
Isolation ideotype: It is the model plant type that performs best when the plants are space-planted. In case of cereals. isolation ideotype is lax, free- tiSllering. Competition ideotype: This ideotype performs well in genetically heterogeneous populations, such as the segregating generations of crosses.
What is the significance of ideotype?
Ideotype breeding provides solution to several problems at a time like disease, insect and lodging resistance, maturity duration, yield and quality by combining desirable genes for these traits from different sources into a single genotype. 6. It is efficient method of developing cultivars for specific or environment.
How roughing is important in crop improvement?
In agriculture, roguing refers to the act of identifying and removing plants with undesirable characteristics from agricultural fields. Roguing is particularly important when growing seed crops to prevent plants with undesirable characteristics from propagating into subsequent generations.
Is a technique of crop improvement?
Tissue culture is a modern method of crop improvement. It is based on totipotent nature of plant cell. Every plant cell has got the capability to develop into a new plant, this is known as totipotency.
What is ideotype breeding explain in details?
Ideotype breeding is defined as a method of breeding to enhance genetic yield potential based on modifying individual traits where the breeding goal (phenotype) for each trait is specified. A barley ideotype consisting of 14 traits and the target or goal for each trait are described.
Which is the central feature of crop ideotype?
The main features of proposed Ideotype include, earliness ( 150-165 days), fewer small and thick leaves, compact and short stature , interminate habit, spares hairness, medium to big boll size, synchronous bolling , high response to nutrients, and resistance to insect and diseases.
How does crop ideotype differ from crop to crop?
The morphological and physiological features of crop ideotype differ from crop to crop and sometimes within the crop also depending upon whether the ideotype is required for irrigated cultivation or rainfed cultivation. Ideal plant types or model plants have been discussed in several crops like wheat, rice maize, barley, cotton and beans.
How is ideotype breeding used in crop breeding?
Ideotype breeding is an effective method of enhancing yield through manipulation of various morphological and physiological crop characters. Thus, it exploits both morphological and physiological variation. 2.
How are ideotypes used to improve agricultural productivity?
The modification of conventional ideotypes into more efficient forms with high harvest indices and greater responses to inputs and management has enabled a major breakthrough in the productivity of many crops.
Which is an example of an ideotype plant?
Ideal plant types or model plants have been discussed in several crops like wheat, rice maize, barley, cotton and beans. The important features of ideotype for some crops are briefly described below: